Language And Society Today

Language And Society Today In any scientific study there are some views and ideas which possess different or similar forms about a particular phenomenon. Linguistics which is known as the scientific study of language is not exception. First of all, if we start with the phrase (the study of language) we will find that it is very important in this discussion to analyze what this phrase mean. Particularly, by dividing it into two words the study and the language. We will find that language according to Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary (2008) means a system of communication consisting of sounds, words and grammar, or the system of communication used by a particular country or profession. While the study means the examination of subject in detail in order to discover new information. Subsequently, it could be said that the study of language is considered as a wide subject related to different aspects amongst is the social context which also can be divided into two words social which means activities in which you meet and spend time with other people and context which is defined as the text or speech that comes immediately before and after a particular phrase or piece of text and helps to explain its meaning. Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary (2008). Hence, there seems a relationship between the study of language and the social context according to the view of some writers in linguistics domain. This view is that the study of language can not be divorced or separated from its social context. On the other side, some writers tend to be against this view. It seems, therefore, that the argument about the study of language can not be divorced from its social context tends to be a controversial issue. This essay will shed light on this argument by discussing this view on one hand and the other view on the other hand. Language and Society: To study the language, it is very important to have the attempt to discover the relationship between the language and society and the secret which stands between them. Society is any group of people who are drawn together for a certain purpose or purposes and language is what the members of a particular society speak Wardhaugh (2010:1).it is noted from these definition that language and society is very close and can not be separated because language in this definition is related to society. The secret between language and society is what wardhaugh called the code, because people use this system which is the code to communicate through it. knowledge of language : knowledge of language is related to people who live in society. TODAY MOST LINGUISTS AGREE THAT THE KNOWLEDGE SPEAKERS HAVE OF THE LANGUAGEOR LANGUAGE THEY SPEAK IS KNOWLEDGE OF SOME THING QUITE ABSTRACT.IT IS AKNOWLEDGE OF RULES AND PRINCIPLES AND OF THE WAY OF SAYING AND DOING THINGS WITH SOUND SWORDS AND SENTENCES RATHER THAN JUST KNOWLEGDE OF SPECIFIC SONDS WORDS AND SENTENCES. IT IS KNOWING WHAT IS IN THE LG, AND WHAT IS NOT. IT IS KNOWING BOTH WHAT IS POSSIBLE TO SAY AND WHAT IS NOT POSSIBLE. THIS KNOWLEDGE EXPLAINS HOW IT IS WE CAN UNDERSTAND SENTENCES WE HAVE NOT HEARD BEFORE AND REJECT OTHERS AS BEING UNGRAMMATICAL.COMMUNICATION AMONG PEOPLE WHO SPEAK THE SAME LG, IS POSSIBLE BECAUSE THEY SHARE SUCH KNOWLEDGE (ibid).Pinker(2007) agreed with wardhaugh in this point. He states that the linguistics behaviour of undividuals cannot be understood without knowledge of the communicaties that they belong to.Moreover, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Students Paper: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ to.Moreover, there are several possible relationships between language and society. One is the social à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/47763606.html à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ zhidao_help.html# There are several possible relationships between language and society. One is that social à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Students Paper: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ is the social structure may either influence or determine linguistic structure and behaviour.certain à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/47763606.html à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ is that social structure may either influence or determine linguistic structure and/or behavior. Certain à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ behaviour.certain evidence may adduced to support this view:the agegrading à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Students Paper: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the agegrading phenomenon whereby young children speak differently from older children and in à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/47763606.html à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ age-grading phenomenon whereby young children speak differently from older chilÃÆ' °dren and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Students Paper: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ from older children and in turn children speak differently from mature adults. Asecond possible à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/47763606.html à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ older chilÃÆ' °dren and, in turn, children speak differently from mature adults; studies which à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ . Asecond à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Students Paper: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ adults. Asecond possible relationship is directly opposed to the first:linguistic structure and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/47763606.html à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ A second possible relationship is directly opposed to the first: linguistic strucÃÆ' °ture and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ structure and /or behaviour à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Students Paper: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ or behaviour may either influence or determine social structure this is the view that is behind the Whorfian hypothesis the claims of Bernstein and many of those who argue that languages rather than speakers of these languages can be sexist. Athird possible à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/47763606.html à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ or behavior may either influence or determine social structure. This is the view that is behind the Whorfian hypothesis, the claims of Bernstein, and many of those who argue that languages rather than speakers of these languages can be sexist. A third à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ . Athird à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Students Paper: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ sexist. Athird possible relationship is that the influence is bi-directional:lg, and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/47763606.html à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ A third possible relationship is that the influence is bi-directional: language and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ :lg, and society may influence each other.this view based on dittmars view. He argued à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Students Paper: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ He argued that speech behaviour and social behaviour are in astate of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/47763606.html à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ p. 238) that speech behaviour and social behaviour are in a state à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ astate of constant interaction. It is notably, indeed from the the views have discussed above that knowledge of language desperately needs the knowledge of social context. Language and Dialects: Since society which people live in consists of different areas based on the geographical division, those people then who live in these areas could have somewhat a variety in their language. Hudson (1996:22) defined this variety as a set of linguistics items with similar distribution. This definition gives us the opportunity to consider: Canadian English, London English, the English of football commentaries and so on come under the term varieties which means dialect Wardhaugh (2010). A good example for dialect and its relationship to the social context is Gumperzs example (1971). He points out that everyday living in parts of india , particularly in the large cities and among educated segments of those communities, requires some complex choices involving the distinction between hindi and urdu: the conversational level the use of hindi and urdu forms is not simply amatter of birth and education but just as it is customary for individuals to alternate between dialect and standard depend ing on social occasion. On the other hand, the term dialect à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Students Paper: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ term dialect also be used to describe differences in speech associated with various social group or classes. To define social à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ http://www.smuu.net/vb/showthread.php?t=591 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ dialect can also be used to describe differences in speech associated with various social groups or classes. There are à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Students Paper: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ associated with various social group or classes. To define social group or social class giving proper weight to the various factors that can be used to determine social position e.g occupation, place of residence,education, income racial à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ http://www.smuu.net/vb/showthread.php?t=591 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ immediate problem is that of defining social group or social class , giving proper weight to the various factors that can be used to determine social position, e.g., occupation, place of residence, education, new versus à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ , income racial or ethnic origin cultural background,cast, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Students Paper: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ background,cast, religion and so on.such factors as these do appear to be related fairly directly to how people speak Wardhaugh (2010 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ http://www.smuu.net/vb/showthread.php?t=591 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ background, caste, religion, and so on. Such factors as these do appear to be related fairly directly to how people speak. There is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Wardhaugh (2010).he adds that there are some points which underlying the term dialect : Style: The study of dialects is further complicated by the fact that speakers can adopt different style of speaking. You can speak very formally or very informally, your choice being governed by circumstances. Ceremonial occasions almost invariably require very formal speech, public lectures somewhat less formal, casual conversation quite informal.we may try to relate the level of formalitychosen to avariety of factors: the kind of occasion, the various social, age and the other differences that exist between the participants. Register: Register is another complicating factor in any study of language varieties.registers are sets of language items associated with discrete occupation or social group.Hudson( 1996:46) indicates the difference between dialect and register your dialect shows who or what you are whilst your register shows what you are doing. Forexample , the kind of language of surgeons, airline pilots and so on. Wardhaugh (2010 ). Hence, it is important to note that wardhaugh and hudsons view agree that language and dialect closely related to the social context and can not be separated. Speech communities: Language is both an individual possession and social possession. therefore the certain individuals would behave linguistically like other individuals they might to speak the same language or the same dialect or the same variety i.e to employ the same code and in the respect to be members of the same speech community aterm probably derived from the German sprachgemeinschaft Wardhaugh (2010 ).Furthermore, if we focus on Bloomfields definition(1933:42)which is a speech community is agroup of people who interact by means of speech. We will find that Hymes (1974 in wardhaugh 2010) disagree with him in this point. He points out that is impossible to equate language and speech community when we lack aclear understanding of the nature of language. Moreover,he insists that speech communities cannot be defined soley through the use of linguistic criteria. It is agreed with Hymes ,because speech communities is not surrounded only by the linguistic perspective but the way speakers use language is very significant. Some thoughts against the relationship between the social context and the study of language: The view that the study of language can not be divorced from its social context is different from the perceptive of some writers who stand on the other side of this argument. According to Bernstein(1961) there are two distinct varieties of language in use in society.he calls one variety elaborated code ( formal code) and the other variety restricted code(public code). According to him these codes have very different characteristics. Forexample elaborated code makes use of accurate in the sense of standard grammatical order and syntax to regulate what is said that employ arrange of devices for conjuction and subordination and shows frequent use of the pronoun I.In contrast, restricted code employs short grammatically simple and often unfinished sentences of poor in the sense of nonstandard. Is rigid and limited in the use of adjectives and adverbs, makes infrequent use of impersonal pronoun subjects. He states that every speaker of the language has access to the restricted code becaus e all employ this code on certain occasions e.g it the language of intimacy between familiars.however, not all social classes have equal access to the elaborated code particularly lower working-class people and their children who are likely to have little experience with it.according to him, the consequences of this unequal distribution are considerable. In particular children from the lower working class are likely to find themselves at adisadvantage when they attend school in which extesive use is made of the elaborated code.therefore, there are serious consequences for children of the lowerworking class when they come to school beause elaborated code is the mediumof instruction in schooling. When schools attempt to develop in children the ability to manipulate this code they are really to involved in trying to change cultural patterns and such involvement may have profound social and psychological consequences for all engaged in the task. Educational failure is likely to result. This view might be true, but still has some limitation as Rosen( 1972 in Wardhaugh (2010 ) criticized Bernstein on the ground that he has not looked closely enough at working- class life and language and that many of the key terms in his work are quite inadequately defined e.g code, class, elaborated and so on. Many of the arguments also appear to be circular in nature and the hypotheses weak. On the other hand, another view against that the study of language and the social context cannot be divorced is what well known in the psycholinguistics domain by nativist theory. This is associated with Noam Chomsky who developed the theory that all humans are born with an innate capcity and knowledge system specifically desgined for language and language acquisition.under linguistic nativism anormally functioning human being is said to be born with universal grammar which aset of innate constrains on language that every unimpaired human brings to the task of language aquistion included princ iples that are invariate and apply to all natural human languages.an example of aprinciple is that all languages have abasic structural feature called aphrase (Vanpatten Benati 2010).this theory ignored that the interaction amongst individuals is positive in language learning.SLA theory needs to develop aconception of the language learner as having acomplex social identity that must be understood with reference to large and frequently inequitable social structures which are produce in day-to-day social interaction. In conclustion: List of plagiarised documents 6% http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/47763606.html 6% http://old.blog.edu.cn/user4/jinynwnu/archives/2007/1766739.shtml 6% http://jiny.blog.edu.cn/2007/141074.html 4% http://www.smuu.net/vb/showthread.php?t=591 1% http://www.usingenglish.com/forum/ask-teacher/125844-using-context-contest.html 1% http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/context_2 1% http://www.nuis.ac.jp/%7Ehadley/publication/jeffrey/Jeffrey-EIL.htm 0% http://www.experiencefestival.com/a/Americanism_semiotics/id/1910742 Master document text Introduction: Basically, in any scientific study there are some views and ideas which possess different or similar forms about a particular phenomenon. Linguistics which is known as the scientific study of language is not exception. First of all, if we start with the phrase (the study of language) we will find that it is very important in this discussion to analyze what this phrase mean. Particularly, by dividing it into two words the study and the language. We will find that language according to Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary (2008) means a system of communication consisting of sounds, words and grammar, or the system of communication used by a particular country or profession. While the study means the examination of subject in detail in order to discover new information. Subsequently, it could be said that the study of language is considered as a wide subject related to different aspects amongst is the social context which also can be divided into two words social which means activitie s in which you meet and spend time with other people and context which is defined as the text or speech that comes immediately before and after a particular phrase or piece of text and helps to explain its meaning. Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary (2008). Hence, there seems a relationship between the study of language and the social context according to the view of some writers in linguistics domain. This view is that the study of language can not be divorced or separated from its social context. On the other side, some writers tend to be against this view. It seems, therefore, that the argument about the study of language can not be divorced from its social context tends to be a controversial issue. This essay will shed light on this argument by discussing this view on one hand and the other view on the other hand. Language and Society: To study the language, it is very important to have the attempt to discover the relationship between the language and society and the secret which stands between them. Society is any group of people who are drawn together for a certain purpose or purposes and language is what the members of a particular society speak Wardhaugh (2010:1).it is noted from these definition that language and society is very close and can not be separated because language in this definition is related to society. The secret between language and society is what wardhaugh called the code, because people use this system which is the code to communicate through it. knowledge of language : knowledge of language is related to people who live in society. TODAY MOST LINGUISTS AGREE THAT THE KNOWLEDGE SPEAKERS HAVE OF THE LANGUAGEOR LANGUAGE THEY SPEAK IS KNOWLEDGE OF SOME THING QUITE ABSTRACT.IT IS AKNOWLEDGE OF RULES AND PRINCIPLES AND OF THE WAY OF SAYING AND DOING THINGS WITH SOUND SWORDS AND SENTENCES RATHER THAN JUST KNOWLEGDE OF SPECIFIC SONDS WORDS AND SENTENCES. IT IS KNOWING WHAT IS IN THE LG, AND WHAT IS NOT. IT IS KNOWING BOTH WHAT IS POSSIBLE TO SAY AND WHAT IS NOT POSSIBLE. THIS KNOWLEDGE EXPLAINS HOW IT IS WE CAN UNDERSTAND SENTENCES WE HAVE NOT HEARD BEFORE AND REJECT OTHERS AS BEING UNGRAMMATICAL.COMMUNICATION AMONG PEOPLE WHO SPEAK THE SAME LG, IS POSSIBLE BECAUSE THEY SHARE SUCH KNOWLEDGE (ibid).Pinker(2007) agreed with wardhaugh in this point. He states that the linguistics behaviour of undividuals cannot be understood without knowledge of the communicaties that they belong to.Moreover, there are several possible relationships between language and society. One is the social structure may either influence or determi ne linguistic structure and behaviour.certain evidence may adduced to support this view:the agegrading phenomenon whereby young children speak differently from older children and in turn children speak differently from mature adults. Asecond possible relationship is directly opposed to the first:linguistic structure and /or behaviour may either influence or determine social structure this is the view that is behind the Whorfian hypothesis the claims of Bernstein and many of those who argue that languages rather than speakers of these languages can be sexist. Athird possible relationship is that the influence is bi-directional:lg, and society may influence each other.this view based on dittmars view. He argued that speech behaviour and social behaviour are in astate of constant interaction. It is notably, indeed from the the views have discussed above that knowledge of language desperately needs the knowledge of social context. Language and Dialects: Since society which people live in consists of different areas based on the geographical division, those people then who live in these areas could have somewhat a variety in their language. Hudson (1996:22) defined this variety as a set of linguistics items with similar distribution. This definition gives us the opportunity to consider: Canadian English, London English, the English of football commentaries and so on come under the term varieties which means dialect Wardhaugh (2010). A good example for dialect and its relationship to the social context is Gumperzs example (1971). He points out that everyday living in parts of india , particularly in the large cities and among educated segments of those communities, requires some complex choices involving the distinction between hindi and urdu: the conversational level the use of hindi and urdu forms is not simply amatter of birth and education but just as it is customary for individuals to alternate between dialect and standard depend ing on social occasion. On the other hand, the term dialect also be used to describe differences in speech associated with various social group or classes. To define social group or social class giving proper weight to the various factors that can be used to determine social position e.g occupation, place of residence,education, income racial or ethnic origin cultural background,cast, religion and so on.such factors as these do appear to be related fairly directly to how people speak Wardhaugh (2010).he adds that there are some points which underlying the term dialect : Style: The study of dialects is further complicated by the fact that speakers can adopt different style of speaking. You can speak very formally or very informally, your choice being governed by circumstances. Ceremonial occasions almost invariably require very formal speech, public lectures somewhat less formal, casual conversation quite informal.we may try to relate the level of formalitychosen to avariety of factors: the kind of occasion, the various social, age and the other differences that exist between the participants. Register: Register is another complicating factor in any study of language varieties.registers are sets of language items associated with discrete occupation or social group.Hudson( 1996:46) indicates the difference between dialect and register your dialect shows who or what you are whilst your register shows what you are doing. Forexample , the kind of language of surgeons, airline pilots and so on. Wardhaugh (2010 ). Hence, it is important to note that wardhaugh and hudsons view agree that language and dialect closely related to the social context and can not be separated. Speech communities: Language is both an individual possession and social possession. therefore the certain individuals would behave linguistically like other individuals they might to speak the same language or the same dialect or the same variety i.e to employ the same code and in the respect to be members of the same speech community aterm probably derived from the German sprachgemeinschaft Wardhaugh (2010 ).Furthermore, if we focus on Bloomfields definition(1933:42)which is a speech community is agroup of people who interact by means of speech. We will find that Hymes (1974 in wardhaugh 2010) disagree with him in this point. He points out that is impossible to equate language and speech community when we lack aclear understanding of the nature of language. Moreover,he insists that speech communities cannot be defined soley through the use of linguistic criteria. It is agreed with Hymes ,because speech communities is not surrounded only by the linguistic perspective but the way speakers use language is very significant. Some thoughts against the relationship between the social context and the study of language: The view that the study of language can not be divorced from its social context is different from the perceptive of some writers who stand on the other side of this argument. According to Bernstein(1961) there are two distinct varieties of language in use in society.he calls one variety elaborated code ( formal code) and the other variety restricted code(public code). According to him these codes have very different characteristics. Forexample elaborated code makes use of accurate in the sense of standard grammatical order and syntax to regulate what is said that employ arrange of devices for conjuction and subordination and shows frequent use of the pronoun I.In contrast, restricted code employs short grammatically simple and often unfinished sentences of poor in the sense of nonstandard. Is rigid and limited in the use of adjectives and adverbs, makes infrequent use of impersonal pronoun subjects. He states that every speaker of the language has access to the restricted code becaus e all employ this code on certain occasions e.g it the language of intimacy between familiars.however, not all social classes have equal access to the elaborated code particularly lower working-class people and their children who are likely to have little experience with it.according to him, the consequences of this unequal distribution are considerable. In particular children from the lower working class are likely to find themselves at adisadvantage when they attend school in which extesive use is made of the elaborated code.therefore, there are serious consequences for children of the lowerworking class when they come to school beause elaborated code is the mediumof instruction in schooling. When schools attempt to develop in children the ability to manipulate this code they are really to involved in trying to change cultural patterns and such involvement may have profound social and psychological consequences for all engaged in the task. Educational failure is likely to result. This view might be true, but still has some limitation as Rosen( 1972 in Wardhaugh (2010 ) criticized Bernstein on the ground that he has not looked closely enough at working- class life and language and that many of the key terms in his work are quite inadequately defined e.g code, class, elaborated and so on. Many of the arguments also appear to be circular in nature and the hypotheses weak. On the other hand, another view against that the study of language and the social context cannot be divorced is what well known in the psycholinguistics domain by nativist theory. This is associated with Noam Chomsky who developed the theory that all humans are born with an innate capcity and knowledge system specifically desgined for language and language acquisition.under linguistic nativism anormally functioning human being is said to be born with universal grammar which aset of innate constrains on language that every unimpaired human brings to the task of language aquistion included princ iples that are invariate and apply to all natural human languages.an example of aprinciple is that all languages have abasic structural feature called aphrase (Vanpatten Benati 2010).this theory ignored that the interaction amongst individuals is positive in language learning.SLA theory needs to develop aconception of the language learner as having acomplex social identity that must be understood with reference to large and frequently inequitable social structures which are produce in day-to-day social interaction. In conclustion:

Animal Farm

Animal Farm Essay â€Å"Without Squealer the pigs would never have been in such a powerful position. † To what extent do you agree? George Orwell’s â€Å"Animal Farm† is a complex novel, which explores in depth the motions of leaders and the leaded, and how the human condition affects our own moral thinking. On Animal Farm the pigs are stated as the higher, wiser animals on Animal Farm and the major decisions on the farm were made by them and then justified by squealer the persuasive politician-like pig. Natural authority creates the position the pigs are in, which is against the original ideas of Old Major and his ideology of â€Å"All animals are equal†. But is the position the pigs are in maintained by Squealers persuasive ways? I believe that the pigs are originally created higher than the other pigs as their knowledge is greater than any other animal, which results in natural leadership over Animal Farm. Squealer â€Å"Who could turn black into white† is Napoleons greatest asset in his plot to control animal farm. He convinces every animal on the farm that Napoleons actions are always right. As the rules change on Animal Farm Squealer is sent to the other animals to justify the changes or reminds them that those rules were always there. Squealer is thought of as a politician trying to convince another party that there parties ideals are right although on Animal Farm the other animals aren’t smart enough to debate the witty arguments Squealer presents. Limiting the terms of debate and creating a â€Å"right or wrong† argument creates greater control over the animals and less rebuttal. Squealers complicated language makes the Animals uneasy and they agree in doubt. Squealers name also suits him as to squeal depicts his vocal manor in his job for Napoleon. Orwell starts the book of as a dream for a better future for the animals on the farm where all animals are equal. Animal Farm Those in power will inevitably become corrupt. To what extent do you agree? George Rowel's novel, Animal Farm shows the overlaying theme of the corruption of power. Power, more often than not, causes the bearer to become corrupt, which causes them to lose most sense, besides that, which will get them more power. In the beginning of the novel we are introduced to Old Major. He holds power on Manor Farm. Old Major uses his power to introduce Minimalism and the Seven Commandments. He dies before we can see if his power corrupts would him.Napoleon who takes control of the farm next lives throughout the book therefore we see the corruption of his high status of power. One other animal that we see have the status of power is Boxer. He doesn't have the same type of power as the other two animals nor would he use it in the same way if he had. Boxer is one example of someone who has power but doesn't let it corrupt him. Power can only corrupt you If you let It. Power contains many factors In the lead up to corruption. Animal Farm shows the how depending on your nature and what you do and treat your power; It will change whether for the good or the bad.Old Major is the power head at the beginning of the novel. He is well respected among the other animals to which they are â€Å"happy to lose an hour's sleep in order to hear what he had to say†. At the time Old Major is one of the smartest if not the smartest animal on the farm therefore he is able to use his power to easily convince the other animals of the idea of minimalism and starting a rebellion. He thought that all animals needed to unite under one ruler ship – Minimalism – and that they needed to usurp the humans because man is the problem for all animals. In his speech he sees the propaganda In order to persuade them.He outlines that their lives are â€Å"miserable, laborious and short†. Propaganda would only work if there was a level of power. Old Major uses his level of power and Int ellect to get the animals to do what he says and to follow his Ideas whether they are right or wrong. Old Major's power didn't live long enough for his power to corrupt him, however he did use his power to get rid of those whose power had corrupted them – Mr. Jones. For a short period after his death – until Napoleon, the next power head, steps up – his power is still ensured which leads the rebellion and the first strands of life on the newly named Animal Farm.Not long after the death of Old Major, Napoleon steps up as the unofficial leader because at that stage It Is thought to have equality with all animals. The idea that ‘all animals are equal but some are more equal than others', Isn't about Just yet. Napoleon was always a respected person. He has a â€Å"reputation for getting his own way', which provided him with a small level of power. There Is a saying that reads, ‘knowledge Is power and power Is knowledge'. We see It many times In Animal F arm, miming from Napoleon's character.One example of this is when, after the dogs give this because they don't feel that anything is wrong because the face that they are being shown isn't the honest one. When it is too late, it is discovered that the puppies were taught about the ways of Napoleon and therefore grew up and turned corrupt, which happened to Napoleon after his status of power had gotten to be too much that it turned him corrupt. â€Å"Napoleon is always right†, is a saying that is continuous after animal equality is broken. This is built on fear, lies and injustice. On the outsideNapoleon cares about the revolution and keeping Mr. Jones off the farm. However, looks can be deceiving. He cares more about maintaining his power and making sure his power is rising higher and higher that he doesn't care what he uses and says to get there. Napoleon uses the other animals' fear of Jones to get them to do what he wants. Napoleon lets his power corrupt him and doesn't see m to notice or care about the consequences of his actions which is an attribute of a terrible leader and person that holds power. Napoleon was a harsh, unjust and corrupt holder of power.But not all people who old power are corrupt or are even that obvious that they hold power. An example of this is Boxer. He holds a level of power not to the extent of Napoleon or even Old Major however it is still there. Power isn't Just about having control over people it is, power can also be having an influence on a group of people – or in this case animals – or having people look up to you as an inspiration. Boxer has this type of power. He has a big influence on the other animals especially the smaller ones that feel they are looked down upon.Where Napoleon sends other animals to kill a fellow, Boxer is overwhelmed with distress at the prospect of killing someone even if that someone is a human. â€Å"Nothing could have been achieved without Boxer. † Boxer isn't one of tho se people who crave power, in fact shied away from it at most. He sat quietly and did his work no matter the conditions or complications he worked until he literally couldn't stand anymore. Boxer is one to prove that not everyone in power will become corrupt. It Just depends on your morals and what type of person you are and the things you believe in. Not everyone in power will inevitably become corrupt.

The Tried and True Method for Writing an Article Review in Step by Step Detail

The Tried and True Method for Writing an Article Review in Step by Step Detail The guide presents the illustration of the Shell company that used to get an excellent company reputation in Germany, but has lost a market share on account of the accusations in harming the surroundings in 1995. There are instances when students do not will need to use articles as the main sources. Our writing team includes experienced pros with various academic backgrounds and they're always prepared to work for you. The goal of an article review is connected with values that the individuals attach to opinion from others about certain information in a specific field. The only means to compose a great review is to comprehend what the report is about. The very first region of the article review writing process is reading the post to be reviewed for the very first moment. The way of composing an article review is significantly difficult. 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Analysis Of The Poem Phaethon - 1535 Words

Bevin Williams Summer Reading Project-9th Grade Phaethon 175-179 Phaethon is the son of Clymene and she told Phaethon he is the son of the Sun god. But, she said you will not believe me ,he went to ask his father for hisself.So Phaethon went to the radiant palace of the sun and asked the Sun God if he was his father.He said yes everything that Clymene told you is true. The sun god wanted to prove that he was his father so anything that the son wish he shall it. Phaethon asked to take the place of the sun god just for one day. let me drive your chariot. This is the only thing the Sun God had to refuse because no mortal can drive his chariot also, no other god can drive but himself.Yet Phaethon got in the chariot anyway and die on by falling to his death while he was on fire The Situational Archetypes is The Quest .Phaethon was looking for his father the sun god. It restore balance back to Phaethon’s life and let him know who his dad was. Also he was on quest with the chariot because he’s dad let him grant any wish Phaethon wanted.So Phaethon asked to take his dad’s place for the day ,and to his father’s chariot then fell to his death. The Character Archetypes is Father/Son Conflict. Because Phaethon wants answers from the Sun God to see if he is Phaethon’s dad. It’s the father son conflict because phaethon never knew who his father was until the moment in story when he was at the radiant palace. The Symbolic Archetype is Light vs. Darkness .Light is hope for Phaethon